Mount Orjen hides an invaluable treasure of folk architecture – the katuni. These seasonal mountain settlements, built exclusively of stone, wood, and rye straw, bear witness to centuries of struggle and coexistence between man and the harsh karst nature. Today, as authenticity becomes the most sought-after tourism currency, we ask: how can we preserve these “summer residences” and breathe new life into them through sustainable ecotourism?
Watch the video report from the panel discussion “Orjen’s Katuni – Past in the Future,” held as part of the European Heritage Days, where experts discuss the revitalization of these spaces.
Key Takeaways from the Discussion:
The experts’ presentations during the panel highlighted several critical points for the future of the katuni:
Authenticity Without Improvisation: The greatest threat to katuni is inadequate architectural transformation. “Apartmentalization,” the use of aluminum joinery, tiles, and concrete destroys the spirit of the katun. Tourists do not come to the mountain for luxury, but for an authentic experience, local food, and peace.
Symbiosis of Agriculture and Tourism: Tourism must not be the sole purpose of a katun’s existence, but rather a supplementary activity. The foundation of a katun is livestock farming. Without livestock, the katun loses its function and turns into a “tourist mutant”.
The Infrastructure Dilemma (Asphalt vs. Macadam): While locals often strive for paving, experience shows that asphalt frequently leads to the devastation of katuni by attracting weekend-home owners whose lifestyle displaces the remaining herders. High-quality macadam roads with proper drainage, modeled after Austria and Slovenia, are a better solution for preserving the ambiance.
Katuni as Intangible Cultural Heritage: Stricter protection and the inclusion of katuni in spatial planning documentation are essential to prevent unplanned construction and preserve the landscape.
Government Subsidies and Support: For younger generations to return to the mountains, an active role from the Ministry of Agriculture and Tourism is required through specific subsidies that stimulate the traditional way of life, rather than just commercial facilities.
Connecting Through Clusters: One of the conclusions was the formation of socio-economic councils where katun owners would directly participate in decisions regarding the development of the Nature Park, collaborating with institutions and tourism organizations.
